Ban Chin Alley: The Soul of Old Tak

Though the small city of Tak rarely makes it onto anyone’s Thailand tour itinerary, it is worth visiting the historic neighbourhood of Ban Chin Alley (sometimes known as Trok Ban Chin) if you are driving through this part of the country. This street is the best-preserved part of old Tak, the area located just back from the Ping River. Though most transport in modern Thailand is based on its extensive highway network, things were different in the past. At that time, Thailand’s numerous rivers functioned as important transport arteries. Before walking down Ban Chin Alley, it is worth stopping for a look at the Ping. Its banks have a lush, tropical look as they pass through Tak.

The Ping River passing through the old part of Tak

In the early twentieth century, there was a thriving trader’s community located just back from the Ping River. Though the majority of the merchants were ethnically Chinese, they was also a substantial Thai minority. Unlike in other parts of South-East Asia, the relationship between the ethnic majority and the Chinese minority has been mostly harmonious in Thailand. You can even see this in the rooflines of the houses. While some of the houses follow Chinese models, there are also numerous fine examples of Thai vernacular architecture, including both houses and shops.

The roofline of the house above is distinctly Thai

There is quite a range of buildings on the alley, reflecting a mixture of ethnicities and social classes which rubbed shoulders in the street’s heyday. While there are some modest, timber shops and houses, the street also includes some ostentatious mansions of rich Chinese merchants. There is also a mixture of vernacular and religious buildings. At one end of the street there is a leafy Thai wat, while the surrounding streets have a number of Chinese shrines. One commonality which united both communities was the Buddhist faith. This is not only evident in the places of worship. One house has an outstanding woodcarving of the Buddha on its exterior, which is done in a distinctly Chinese style. It shows the central Buddha figure flanked by two devotees and a wealth of vegetal motifs.

A fine example of teak woodcarving from Ban Chin Alley

At this point, there is no commercialisation of the alley’s built heritage. There is a single business open on the street (a noodle shop) but this is very much a traditional business rather than a hipster-oriented venue. Nonetheless, there is a growing awareness of the street’s heritage value. The authorities have surveyed the street and put up signs about the history and design of the most important buildings. And at the time of our visit, some Thai tourists were using the buildings as backdrops for Instagram-style shots. If you want to see this street before it is commercially developed, you should come as quickly as possible.

A wooden staircase in front of a Chinese-style mansion

The Role of the Chao Phraya in the History of Thailand

The most important river that flows into the Gulf of Thailand is the Chao Phraya. This magnificent river flows right past the Royal Palace and main historic wats of modern Bangkok, considerably enhancing the grandeur of the Thai capital. Though at 372 kilometres it is not one of Asia’s, or even Thailand’s, longest rivers, it has had a tremendous influence on Thai history. Its name translates loosely as the “Grand Duke”, reflecting its significance in the history of the kingdom.The Chao Phraya also has numerous important tributaries. It is itself the product of the confluence of two of Thailand’s longest rivers- the Ping and the Nan.

The Ping links Northern and Central Thailand. Rising in the mountains around Chiang Mai, it flows through the Lanna capital, passing the city of Tak and the Sukhothai-era city of Kamphaeng Phet on the way to Nakhon Sawan, where it joins the Nan. The Nan rises in the Luang Prabang Range in the province of Nan and passes through the pilgrimage town of Phitasanulok on its journey to Nakhon Sawan, where it joins the Ping. At 627 kilometres, it is one of Thailand’s longest rivers in itself.

Another of the Chao Phraya’s important tributaries is the Pa Sak River, which rises in the mountainous province of Phetchabun. The Pa Sak River makes an epic journey of 513 kilometre to the alluvial lowlands of the Chao Phraya basin, joining the Chao Phraya at the former Thai capital of Ayutthaya. Its back swamps were probably fertile rice-growing territory in the past and one of Thailand’s significant ancient towns, Si Thep, was found in the Pa Sak River basin.

One of many more tributaries that have been of importance in the history of Thailand is the Tha Chin River. This river splits off from the Chao Phraya and flows through Saphanburi before reaching the province of Nakhon Pathom. The alluvial lowlands of the Tha Chin in Nakhon Province were the historical core of the Dvaravati kingdom– an ethnically Mon kingdom which had a large artistic and cultural influence on both the Khmers and Thais. Anyone wanting to understand the history of Thailand should spend some time studying the Chao Phraya and its tributaries, which were the highways of Central Thailand from antiquity until the modern era.

Houseboats on the Nan River at Phitsanulok
Houseboats on the Nan River at Phitsanulok